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MultiButton
简介
MultiButton 是一个小巧简单易用的事件驱动型按键驱动模块，可无限量扩展按键，按键事件的回调异步处理方式可以简化你的程序结构，去除冗余的按键处理硬编码，让你的按键业务逻辑更清晰。
使用方法
1.先申请一个按键结构
struct Button button1;
2.初始化按键对象，绑定按键的GPIO电平读取接口read_button_pin() ，后一个参数设置有效触发电平
button_init(&button1, read_button_pin, 0, 0);
3.注册按键事件
button_attach(&button1, SINGLE_CLICK, Callback_SINGLE_CLICK_Handler);
button_attach(&button1, DOUBLE_CLICK, Callback_DOUBLE_Click_Handler);
...
4.启动按键
button_start(&button1);
5.设置一个5ms间隔的定时器循环调用后台处理函数
while(1) {...if(timer_ticks == 5) {timer_ticks = 0;button_ticks();}
}
特性
MultiButton 使用C语言实现，基于面向对象方式设计思路，每个按键对象单独用一份数据结构管理：
struct Button {uint16_t ticks;uint8_t repeat: 4;uint8_t event : 4;uint8_t state : 3;uint8_t debounce_cnt : 3;uint8_t active_level : 1;uint8_t button_level : 1;uint8_t button_id;uint8_t (*hal_button_Level)(uint8_t button_id_);BtnCallback cb[number_of_event];struct Button* next;
};
这样每个按键使用单向链表相连，依次进入 button_handler(struct Button* handle) 状态机处理，所以每个按键的状态彼此独立。
按键事件
| 事件 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| PRESS_DOWN | 按键按下，每次按下都触发 |
| PRESS_UP | 按键弹起，每次松开都触发 |
| PRESS_REPEAT | 重复按下触发，变量repeat计数连击次数 |
| SINGLE_CLICK | 单击按键事件 |
| DOUBLE_CLICK | 双击按键事件 |
| LONG_PRESS_START | 达到长按时间阈值时触发一次 |
| LONG_PRESS_HOLD | 长按期间一直触发 |
Examples
#include "button.h"unit8_t btn1_id = 0;struct Button btn1;uint8_t read_button_GPIO(uint8_t button_id)
{// you can share the GPIO read function with multiple Buttonsswitch(button_id){case btn1_id:return HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(B1_GPIO_Port, B1_Pin);break;default:return 0;break;}
}
void BTN1_PRESS_DOWN_Handler(void* btn)
{//do something...
}void BTN1_PRESS_UP_Handler(void* btn)
{//do something...
}...int main()
{button_init(&btn1, read_button_GPIO, 0, btn1_id);button_attach(&btn1, PRESS_DOWN, BTN1_PRESS_DOWN_Handler);button_attach(&btn1, PRESS_UP, BTN1_PRESS_UP_Handler);button_attach(&btn1, PRESS_REPEAT, BTN1_PRESS_REPEAT_Handler);button_attach(&btn1, SINGLE_CLICK, BTN1_SINGLE_Click_Handler);button_attach(&btn1, DOUBLE_CLICK, BTN1_DOUBLE_Click_Handler);button_attach(&btn1, LONG_PRESS_START, BTN1_LONG_PRESS_START_Handler);button_attach(&btn1, LONG_PRESS_HOLD, BTN1_LONG_PRESS_HOLD_Handler);button_start(&btn1);//make the timer invoking the button_ticks() interval 5ms.//This function is implemented by yourself.__timer_start(button_ticks, 0, 5);while(1){}
}
开源移植 STM32
源文件 main.c
#include "stm32f10x.h"
#include "Delay.h"
#include "LED.h"
#include "KEY.h"
#include "multi_button.h"int main()
{LED_Init(); // LED初始化KEY_Init(); // 按键初始化while (1){Delay_ms(5);button_ticks();// 按键运行}
}源文件multi_button.c
/** Copyright (c) 2016 Zibin Zheng <znbin@qq.com>* All rights reserved*/#include "multi_button.h"#define EVENT_CB(ev) if(handle->cb[ev])handle->cb[ev]((void*)handle)
#define PRESS_REPEAT_MAX_NUM 15 /*!< The maximum value of the repeat counter *///button handle list head.
static struct Button* head_handle = NULL;static void button_handler(struct Button* handle);/*** @brief Initializes the button struct handle.* @param handle: the button handle struct.* @param pin_level: read the HAL GPIO of the connected button level.* @param active_level: pressed GPIO level.* @param button_id: the button id.* @retval None*/
void button_init(struct Button* handle, u8(*pin_level)(u8), u8 active_level, u8 button_id)
{memset(handle, 0, sizeof(struct Button));handle->event = (u8)NONE_PRESS;handle->hal_button_Level = pin_level;handle->button_level = handle->hal_button_Level(button_id);handle->active_level = active_level;handle->button_id = button_id;
}// /*button1 init*/
// button_init(&btn1, read_button_GPIO, 0, KEY1_id); // 初始化按键结构体
// button_attach(&btn1, SINGLE_CLICK, BTN1_SINGLE_CLICK_Handler); // 添加单击事件
// button_attach(&btn1, DOUBLE_CLICK, BTN1_DOUBLE_CLICK_Handler); // 添加双击事件
// button_attach(&btn1, LONG_PRESS_START, BTN1_LONG_PRESS_START_Handler); // 添加长按事件
// button_start(&btn1); // 启动按键 /*** @brief Attach the button event callback function.* @param handle: the button handle struct.* @param event: trigger event type.* @param cb: callback function.* @retval None*/
void button_attach(struct Button* handle, PressEvent event, BtnCallback7 cb)
{handle->cb[event] = cb;
}/*** @brief Inquire the button event happen.* @param handle: the button handle struct.* @retval button event.*/
PressEvent get_button_event(struct Button* handle)
{return (PressEvent)(handle->event);
}/*** @brief Button driver core function, driver state machine.* @param handle: the button handle struct.* @retval None*/
static void button_handler(struct Button* handle)
{u8 read_gpio_level = handle->hal_button_Level(handle->button_id);//ticks counter working..4if((handle->state) > 0) handle->ticks++;/*------------button debounce handle---------------*/if(read_gpio_level != handle->button_level) { //not equal to prev one//continue read 3 times same new level changeif(++(handle->debounce_cnt) >= DEBOUNCE_TICKS) {handle->button_level = read_gpio_level;handle->debounce_cnt = 0;}} else { //level not change ,counter reset.handle->debounce_cnt = 0;}/*-----------------State machine-------------------*/switch (handle->state) {case 0:if(handle->button_level == handle->active_level) { //start press downhandle->event = (u8)PRESS_DOWN;EVENT_CB(PRESS_DOWN);handle->ticks = 0;handle->repeat = 1;handle->state = 1;} else {handle->event = (u8)NONE_PRESS;}break;case 1:if(handle->button_level != handle->active_level) { //released press uphandle->event = (u8)PRESS_UP;EVENT_CB(PRESS_UP);handle->ticks = 0;handle->state = 2;} else if(handle->ticks > LONG_TICKS) {handle->event = (u8)LONG_PRESS_START;EVENT_CB(LONG_PRESS_START);handle->state = 5;}break;case 2:if(handle->button_level == handle->active_level) { //press down againhandle->event = (u8)PRESS_DOWN;EVENT_CB(PRESS_DOWN);if(handle->repeat != PRESS_REPEAT_MAX_NUM) {handle->repeat++;}EVENT_CB(PRESS_REPEAT); // repeat hithandle->ticks = 0;handle->state = 3;} else if(handle->ticks > SHORT_TICKS) { //released timeoutif(handle->repeat == 1) {handle->event = (u8)SINGLE_CLICK;EVENT_CB(SINGLE_CLICK);} else if(handle->repeat == 2) {handle->event = (u8)DOUBLE_CLICK;EVENT_CB(DOUBLE_CLICK); // repeat hit}handle->state = 0;}break;case 3:if(handle->button_level != handle->active_level) { //released press uphandle->event = (u8)PRESS_UP;EVENT_CB(PRESS_UP);if(handle->ticks < SHORT_TICKS) {handle->ticks = 0;handle->state = 2; //repeat press} else {handle->state = 0;}} else if(handle->ticks > SHORT_TICKS) { // SHORT_TICKS < press down hold time < LONG_TICKShandle->state = 1;}break;case 5:if(handle->button_level == handle->active_level) {//continue hold triggerhandle->event = (u8)LONG_PRESS_HOLD;EVENT_CB(LONG_PRESS_HOLD);} else { //releasedhandle->event = (u8)PRESS_UP;EVENT_CB(PRESS_UP);handle->state = 0; //reset}break;default:handle->state = 0; //resetbreak;}
}/*** @brief Start the button work, add the handle into work list.* @param handle: target handle struct.* @retval 0: succeed. -1: already exist.*/
int button_start(struct Button* handle)
{struct Button* target = head_handle;while(target) {if(target == handle) return -1; //already exist.target = target->next;}handle->next = head_handle;head_handle = handle;return 0;
}/*** @brief Stop the button work, remove the handle off work list.* @param handle: target handle struct.* @retval None*/
void button_stop(struct Button* handle)
{struct Button** curr;for(curr = &head_handle; *curr; ) {struct Button* entry = *curr;if(entry == handle) {*curr = entry->next;
// free(entry);return;//glacier add 2021-8-18} else {curr = &entry->next;}}
}/*** @brief background ticks, timer repeat invoking interval 5ms.* @param None.* @retval None*/
void button_ticks(void)
{struct Button* target;for(target=head_handle; target; target=target->next) {button_handler(target);}
}头文件multi_button.h
/** Copyright (c) 2016 Zibin Zheng <znbin@qq.com>* All rights reserved*/#ifndef _MULTI_BUTTON_H_
#define _MULTI_BUTTON_H_#include <string.h>
#include "stm32f10x.h"//According to your need to modify the constants.
#define TICKS_INTERVAL 5 //ms
#define DEBOUNCE_TICKS 3 //MAX 7 (0 ~ 7)
#define SHORT_TICKS (300 /TICKS_INTERVAL)
#define LONG_TICKS (1000 /TICKS_INTERVAL)typedef void (*BtnCallback)(void*);typedef enum {PRESS_DOWN = 0,PRESS_UP,PRESS_REPEAT,SINGLE_CLICK,DOUBLE_CLICK,LONG_PRESS_START,LONG_PRESS_HOLD,number_of_event,NONE_PRESS
}PressEvent;typedef struct Button {u16 ticks;u8 repeat;u8 event;u8 state;u8 debounce_cnt;u8 active_level;u8 button_level;u8 button_id;u8 (*hal_button_Level)(u8 button_id_);BtnCallback cb[number_of_event];struct Button* next;
}Button;void button_init(struct Button* handle, u8(*pin_level)(u8), u8 active_level, u8 button_id);
void button_attach(struct Button* handle, PressEvent event, BtnCallback cb);
PressEvent get_button_event(struct Button* handle);
int button_start(struct Button* handle);
void button_stop(struct Button* handle);
void button_ticks(void);#endif源文件KEY2.C
/********************************************************************************* @file KEY2.c* @author LQ* @version* @date 2024-4-29* @brief multi_button******************************************************************************* @attention********************************************************************************/#include "stm32f10x.h"
#include "KEY.h"
#include "LED.h"#ifdef USE_KEY2struct Button btn1;
struct Button btn2;// GPIO读取回调函数
u8 read_button_GPIO(u8 button_id)
{u8 read_v;switch (button_id){case KEY1_id:read_v = GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(KEY1_GPIO_PORT, KEY1_GPIO_PIN);break;case KEY2_id:read_v = GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(KEY2_GPIO_PORT, KEY2_GPIO_PIN);break;default:break;}return read_v;
}// 单击事件
void BTN1_SINGLE_CLICK_Handler(void *btn)
{switch (((Button *)btn)->button_id){case KEY1_id:LED_ON(LED1);break;case KEY2_id:LED_OFF(LED1);break;default:break;}
}
// 双击事件
void BTN1_DOUBLE_CLICK_Handler(void *btn)
{LED_Toggle(LED1);
}// 长按事件
void BTN1_LONG_PRESS_START_Handler(void *btn)
{LED_OFF(LED1);
}/*** @brief KEY初始化* @param None* @retval None*/
void KEY_Init(void)
{/* GPIO_KEY Clock */RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(KEY1_GPIO_CLK, ENABLE);RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(KEY2_GPIO_CLK, ENABLE);/* GPIO_KEY Pin */GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = KEY1_GPIO_PIN;GPIO_Init(KEY1_GPIO_PORT, &GPIO_InitStructure);GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = KEY2_GPIO_PIN;GPIO_Init(KEY2_GPIO_PORT, &GPIO_InitStructure);/*button1 init*/button_init(&btn1, read_button_GPIO, 0, KEY1_id); // 初始化按键结构体button_attach(&btn1, SINGLE_CLICK, BTN1_SINGLE_CLICK_Handler); // 添加单击事件button_attach(&btn1, DOUBLE_CLICK, BTN1_DOUBLE_CLICK_Handler); // 添加双击事件button_attach(&btn1, LONG_PRESS_START, BTN1_LONG_PRESS_START_Handler); // 添加长按事件button_start(&btn1); // 启动按键 ///*button2 init*/button_init(&btn2, read_button_GPIO, 0, KEY2_id);button_attach(&btn2, SINGLE_CLICK, BTN1_SINGLE_CLICK_Handler);button_attach(&btn2, DOUBLE_CLICK, BTN1_DOUBLE_CLICK_Handler);button_start(&btn2);
}#endif头文件KEY.h
/********************************************************************************* @file KEY.h* @author LQ* @version V1.0* @date 2023-4-29* @brief multi_button******************************************************************************* @attention********************************************************************************/#ifndef _KEY_H
#define _KEY_H#define USE_KEY2 // 定义使用KEY2.c，注释则使用KEY1.c#ifndef USE_KEY2 // 如果USE_KEY2没有被定义就定义名为USE_KEY1的宏
#define USE_KEY1
#endif#include "multi_button.h"/*GPIO宏定义*/
#define KEY1_GPIO_PORT GPIOA
#define KEY1_GPIO_PIN GPIO_Pin_8
#define KEY1_GPIO_CLK RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA#ifdef USE_KEY2 // 如果USE_KEY2被定定义
#define KEY2_GPIO_PORT GPIOA
#define KEY2_GPIO_PIN GPIO_Pin_9
#define KEY2_GPIO_CLK RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOAenum Button_IDs
{KEY1_id,KEY2_id,
};
#endifvoid KEY_Init(void);#endif源文件KEY1.C
/********************************************************************************* @file KEY1.c* @author LQ* @version* @date 2024-4-29* @brief multi_button******************************************************************************* @attention********************************************************************************/#include "stm32f10x.h"
#include "KEY.h"
#include "LED.h"#ifdef USE_KEY1struct Button btn1;// GPIO读取回调函数
u8 read_button_GPIO(u8 button_id)
{u8 led_sta;led_sta = GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(KEY1_GPIO_PORT, KEY1_GPIO_PIN);return led_sta;
}// 单击事件
void BTN1_SINGLE_CLICK_Handler(void *btn)
{LED_ON(LED1);
}// 双击事件
void BTN1_DOUBLE_CLICK_Handler(void *btn)
{LED_Toggle(LED1);
}// 长按事件
void BTN1_LONG_PRESS_START_Handler(void *btn)
{LED_OFF(LED1);
}/*** @brief KEY初始化* @param None* @retval None*/
void KEY_Init(void)
{/* GPIO_KEY Clock */RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(KEY1_GPIO_CLK, ENABLE);/* GPIO_KEY pin */GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = KEY1_GPIO_PIN;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;GPIO_Init(KEY1_GPIO_PORT, &GPIO_InitStructure);/*button init*/button_init(&btn1, read_button_GPIO, 0, 0); // 初始化按键结构体button_attach(&btn1, SINGLE_CLICK, BTN1_SINGLE_CLICK_Handler); // 添加单击事件button_attach(&btn1, DOUBLE_CLICK, BTN1_DOUBLE_CLICK_Handler); // 添加双击事件button_attach(&btn1, LONG_PRESS_START, BTN1_LONG_PRESS_START_Handler); // 添加长按事件button_start(&btn1); // 启动按键
}#endif参考资料
- [1] 【B@落子叶初LQ】MultiButton_小型按键驱动模块
- [2] 【GitHub】https://github.com/0x1abin/MultiButton/tree/master